Booker T. Washington VS. WEB DuBois Essay

Booker T. Washington VS. WEB DuBois In the days when isolation was normal, there were two men that had a colossal impact in the battle for correspondence in the United States. Booker T. Washington and WEB DuBois were incredible pioneers, who supporterted social equality, yet additionally differ on different issues identified with recreation, destitution, prejudice, and segregation. Both Washington and DuBois dealt with transforming training just as disposing of segregation towards Blacks, however their procedures of accomplishing said change fluctuated significantly. The principal chief that tagged along was Booker T. Washington. He accepted that african americans would not make it anyplace in the public eye in the event that they concentrated on just fairness. He advised blacks to target instruction, exchange, and budgetary advancement so as to get a financial a dependable balance in the public eye just as turning out to be better people. Washington felt that blacks couldn't be an out of a situation to improve their remaining in networks until they pulled back from destitution and developed into something that couldn't be denied as equivalents. It was comprehended that blacks could never be totally equivalent to whites and that there would consistently be some type of isolation and separation. Rather than battling with it,Washington urged blacks to acknowledge it, grasp it, and work around it. The following fundamental pioneer was WEB DuBois. In opposition to Washingtons convictions, DuBois considered that blacks ought to resemble whites, in the part of having sorted out instruction and the equivalent political rights. DuBois felt that blacks ought not move toward this in a roundabout way like Washington, however face it head on and reques t the rights that they viewed as theirs. He took the more decisive position that african americans should press for full uniformity and utilize upsetting, detached forceful strategies with the expectation that the whites would hesitantly agree. In the â€Å"Declaration of the Principles of the Niagara Movement† he and other Black learned people sketched out a rundown of requests wherein they wanted to address the issues and premiums of every single African American. Dubois attested that financial security was not about enough and blacks ought to turn out to be similarly as instructed as the whites. For the most part he thought about Booker T. Washington’s thoughts and made them a stride further, if not more. At that point, the most sensible pioneer would be as a matter of fact Booker T. Washington. His understanding that blacks could never be equivalent and that not being his primary center, gave him the upperhand on WEB Dubois. Du Bois encouraged blacks to endeavor to elevate themselves through instructive progression andâ political rights. In spite of the fact that his thoughts had potential, Washington’s gradualism position gives him wide spread intrigue among the two blacks and whites. In today’s day and age, there are individuals who are as yet supremacist and don’t acknowledge blacks in view of their shading/culture, yet todays blacks get that and endure it. Taking everything into account, the contention between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B DuBois is one notable to researchers and students of history of the United States. Washington and Dubois were two incredible isolation pioneers who offered various techniques for managing the issues of destitution and segregation confronting Black Americans. The two of them carried exciting plans to the table and to put it plainly, Booker T. Washington put stock in social equality through development though WEB DuBois requested progressively prompt dark fairness.

Effects of Antenatal Exercise Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Effects of Antenatal Exercise on Pregnant Women. Answer: Presentation It is basic for each lady to confront different complexities during the hour of the pregnancy and can have lasting harm to the body of the ladies. The heaviness of the hatchling can have over the top weights on the pelvic locale of the ladies and can bring about the muscle squeeze and furthermore have poor development in the course of the blood there by causing varicose of the vein alongside oedema. Consequently, so as to forestall the harm of the pelvic muscle and bone, it is basic for each pregnant lady to follow certain severe calendar of physical exercises and exercise, which can assist with managing all the complexities in the pelvic locale of the pregnant person. The pelvic life systems frames a significant piece of the physiology of the human. There are numerous recently directed research work that are done in assessing the estimation of the antenatal activities with regards to the pregnant mother. The ebb and flow inquire about work plans to basically assess the impacts of the antenatal activities that can effectsly affect the wellbeing state of the ladies, who is required to become mother. The pertinent ebb and flow writing about the beneficial outcomes of antenatal activities is talked about, which is trailed by proposed strategies and information examination that should be applied for the exploration work. Foundation and Literature audit The point of the ebb and flow segment is to talk about all the significant writing that is required with regards to the examination work. The impact of an antenatal physical exercise on the large and overweight pregnant ladies Nascimento et al. (2011) have referenced about the worries that are connected with the complete ascent in the quantity of hefty and overweight patients that is liable for causing extra physical complexities during the hour of pregnancy. As indicated by the parameters of the World Health Organization the degree of heftiness among an individual can be estimated with the assistance of Body mass file proportion, where anything over 30 kg for each square meter is viewed as in the method of weight. Dodd et al. (2010) have included the setting that stoutness during the hour of pregnancy can have additional dangers to both the state of the ladies and furthermore upon the unborn hatchling. Because of the reality of the developing infant and the weight is causing additional weight on the pelvic locale of the mother, it is significant in this condition to have the additional wary. There is likewise elevated level of complicacy during the hour of conveyance of the infant for the way that the development of the baby don't happens ordinarily because of the overabundance measure of fats that are available in the pelvic area of the uterus of the mother. The multifaceted nature can be related with the gastrointestinal advancement can cause diabetes mellitus. The issues of heftiness inside the mother can have complexities in the recently evolved child and can cause metabolic condition and large scale arch. There can be likewise elevated level of difficulties in the mental health of the kid that can cause frail memory and poor subjective turn of events. As per Oteng-Ntim et al. (2012), it is significant in the setting that there are no such legitimate treatment procedures that can assist the creating mother with overcoming these wellbeing challenges after the conveyance of the infant is finished. Consequently, it is significant for the mother to receive customary acti vities that can them to limit the unfavorable impacts that are caused upon the youngsters. Among all the mediation strategies, it very well may be said that the physical exercise is the most ideal approach to determine the issues identified with the overweight and heftiness. Choi et al. (2013) have likewise suggested about the significance of the difference in the way of life that can assist with managing all the issues identified with weight and overweight during the hour of pregnancy. Physical Exercise during Pregnancy As per the discoveries of Thangaratinam et al. (2012), the ladies, who are truly increasingly dynamic during the hour of pregnancy gets the opportunity of having progressively sound child. Then again, Quinlivan et al. (2011) have featured about the way that it is significant for the normal mother to give additional consideration and play it safe while doing digressive during the hour of pregnancy as there are dangers of making lasting harm the hatchling and cause changeless harm to the mental health. Light digressive are the one that should be embraced that don't cause a lot of fatigue. Giving precise and right data about the physical exercise related the turn of events and different occasions of pregnancy is one of the most significant perspectives in the given case. The Antenatal consideration is one of the best types of physical exercise exhortation care that is required for the pregnant ladies. These sorts of activity can have the best constructive outcomes on the physical wellbeing on the pregnant women as it makes unwinding the pelvic area of the ladies and help them to loosen up the weight that is caused because of the heaviness of the developing youngster (Sui et al. 2012). The ladies who have low bone mineral thickness in any case, gas the hazard that is caused because of the way that they don't have the power to endure the heaviness of the developing kid. The ladies, who have been experiencing the corpulence and overweight issues likewise, may confront challenge to rehearse the antenatal exercise as they have the dangers that can additionally harm the pelvic bones of the person. The locally established mediation that can have the impacts of the physical exercise, which can have loosening up mentality towards each pregnant lady. As it isn't feasible for the ladies to go to any areas, it is significant for them in the setting to give locally established physical reversals that is requirement for their circumstance. The level and the force of the physical exercise will likewise relies upon the phase of the recurrence as because of the developing size of the infant, it isn't workable for the mother to move uninhibitedly and play out the physical action development. Impacts of Physical exercises by the pregnant ladies As indicated by the rules of the American College of Obstetrician and Guidelines, it is suggested for the each truly fit pregnant lady to routinely have the propensity for physical exercise, which will assist them with maintaining both physical and mental prosperity. During the time of pregnancy, it is normal for each lady to have temperament swings issue as it is an extraordinary time of each womens life because of the way that the degree of different hormones are exceptionally modified, which is expected to deal with the requirements of the creating baby. The negative enthusiastic considerations can effectsly affect the psychological conduct of the ladies. With the assistance of the physical exercise on standard levels, it is conceivable to manage the thoughts of the psychological wellness issues inside ladies (Renault et al. 2014). The mental and mental prosperity of the person during the hour of pregnancy is fundamental to maintain a strategic distance from all types of difficulties and furthermore guarantee great soundness of the youngsters. With the assistance of the antenatal activities it is conceivable to manage all the major mental and mental difficulties of the pregnant lady. The mental states of the ladies likewise relies upon the phase of the pregnancy and therefore the degree of antenatal activities that should be rehearsed additionally relies upon the sorts of definite mental phase of the ladies. Thus, one of the principle preferences of the antenatal activities is that it tends to be applied at each phase of the pregnancy as per the necessities and the interest of the pregnant woman. In addition, because of the way that the antenatal activities has not been appeared to have any symptoms, it is one of the most deductively demonstrated approaches to manage the all degrees of difficulties that are rel ated during the hour of pregnancy. It is additionally clear for the realities that ordinary act of the antenatal activities can likewise enhance the physical wellbeing state of the ladies. Pelvic floor practices during pregnancy It is the obligation of every single pregnant woman to manage all the results of the intricacies that is normal during the hour of pregnancy. As indicated by Al Mamun et al. (2014), there is tremendous weight that is applied on the pelvic muscle that can continue the heaviness of the developing infant. All the pelvic organs are all around upheld with the assistance of the pelvic muscle that has the obligation to manage the result of the additional weight during the hour of pregnancy. The pelvic floor muscles are the primary organization of the pelvic joints that can bolster the heaviness of the developing child. The pelvic floor muscle extends like a solid trampoline from the zone of tailbone till the open bone. The act of the antenatal activities is end up being the most ideal approaches to manage the solid pelvic muscle for the pregnant woman that can guarantee that development pace of the baby happens appropriately and there are no complexities in the general procedure. Issue Statement and Research questions The issue for this exploration is the complexities that are looked by the ladies during the hour of pregnancy because of unnecessary weight in the pelvic muscle. What are the impacts and significance of physical activities on the pregnant woman? What are the impacts of the antenatal activities that can effectsly affect the wellbeing status of both mother and her unborn youngster? What are dangers that are related with the antenatal activities that hurt the strength of both mother and her unborn kid? System The point of the system segment is to feature the strategies and the methods that are utilized to lead the resect work and furthermore feature the significance of research procedures that are being applied in the given research work. In this specific research work, the examiners will utilize certain fixed Research Design that is ideal for the examination of the given research work. The philosophy area additionally incorporates the information assortment a

The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Construction Essay

The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 Construction Essay The rapid technological development and industrialisation occurred in the second part of the 19th century alerted the need for improving the existing labour force in terms of operational performance and psychological underpinnings of individual activity. Applied psychology laid the ground for the emergence of the notion of occupational safety that covered basic worker compensation, factory legislation and incidence of workplace accidents (Hofmann, Burke and Zohar, 2017). Initially, academics and policy-makers focused on an individual employee to outline the work format and design basic protection measures. With the course of time, occupational safety research and practice switched its focus to the organisational structure. In line with the tendency, the framework of occupational safety gave priority to safety-related training delivered to workers within the organisational context. The gradual move from the individual employee to the organisation-wide management emphasised the role of leadership in setting up a safety climate underpinning development and practice of safety-oriented processes and systems. Continuing research in occupational safety led to the creation of a multidimensional model of the organisation’s safety culture (Hofmann, Burke and Zohar, 2017). Occupational safety legislation plays a vital role in the development and regular update of the workplace safety framework. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the key law that sets and enforces standards of workplace safety by outlining duties of employers, workers, suppliers, contractors and other stakeholders affecting implementation and malmanagement of workplace safety (Hughes and Ferrett, 2015). The Act evolved from the 1970 Employed Persons (Health and Safety) Bill that encompassed fundamental issues and regulatory activities concerning occupational safety. Though the debate around the relevance and efficiency of the Bill postponed its passage for four years, the adoption of the Occupational Safety and Health Act by the United States and the faced responsibility to align the national legislation with the corresponding European Union’s directives due to the UK’s accession to the EU forced the new Labour government to facilitate the Bill’s passage (Paterson, 2012). Since 1974, the HASA 1974 has been the fundamental law that defines the authority and structure for encouraging, enforcing and controlling workplace safety and risk management in the United Kingdom. Under the powers of the UK Parliament, the Act offers a sophisticated system of occupational safety policies, procedures and processes applicable to a wide array of industries and risks (Hughes and Ferrett, 2015). The Statutory Instrument introduced in 1974 enables government authorities to regulate occupational safety law and practice. Moreover, the Statutory Instrument attributes enforcement powers to Health and Safety Executive and Health and Safety Commission designated as components of the public supervision system. The Act objectives to secure individual employee safety and health, to protect workers against workplace risks and accidents, to control the use and storage of explosive or other dangerous substances and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere imply the use of fines and other punishment solutions to force organisations to comply their organisational culture and systems accordingly (Barrett, 2000). While regulating occupational safety at the national level, the Act aligns the UK law with the EU directives for workplace safety. Though occupational safety is importance for any industry, it is fundamental for dangerous businesses that are mostly vulnerable to workplace accidents and fatalities. The construction industry is one of such dangerous occupations with the incompatible rates of occupational trauma and death (Sherratt et al., 2015). The key reason for high unsafety concerns the fact that the industry does not set strict requirement for individual qualification and knowledge. Construction labour force typically comprises volunteers who lack technical skills and extensive training. Safety regulation in the construction industry in poor and inadequate without any specific framework in the international context. The dynamics of the industry and low value of workforce result in fast arrangement procedures when volunteers are exposed to unstructured interviews and a brief explanation of their duties without any provision of safety training that indicates the key risks and hazards, protective measures and te chnical issues (Sherratt et al., 2015). Therefore, the national occupational safety law requires a precise address of the construction industry to align its organisational culture and management with the Act provisions.

Walt Disney and Toy Story - 11680 Words

Pixar and Disney: A Study of Creativity and Culture In 2005 the managers of Pixar Animation Studios were facing a crisis. The company’s ten-year partnership with Disney was about to end and the company had three options: draft a new agreement with Disney, find a new partner, or set up their own marketing and distribution network.[1] Renewing the partnership with Disney seemed, to many, like an obvious choice. The arrangement had been a boon to the fledgling studio when it was first starting out. Disney had provided most of the funding[2] and had given Pixar’s movies top flight marketing support[3] in exchange for ownership of Pixar’s characters and a substantial percentage of the profits. Pixar had grown, however, and had accumulated†¦show more content†¦At the cost of $1,488,422, the movie had represented yet another first for the innovative studio that had already introduced the world to Steamboat Willie, often credited as the first animated cartoon to feature synchronized sound in 1928[16] (According to film historians Max Fleischer had produced Old Kentucky Home, which also had sound, in 1926), and Flowers and Trees, the first full color cartoon, in 1931. Flowers and Trees was also the first cartoon to win an animation Oscar.[17] Snow White, which had both color and sound, made use of other innovations as well. The multiplane camera, developed by the studio, allowed Disney animators to create layered scenes with pictures of objects in the foreground and background suspended on sheets of glass at different layers of a fourteen-foot platform to create the illusion of a three dimensional world.[18] Further innovations followed. Fantasia, launched in 1941, was the first animated film to feature stereophonic sound. (The movie’s success was limited, however, by a combination of factors. One practical hurdle was that theaters had to install new sound systems to show it and the onset of World War II made theater owners hesitant to make the investment.)[19] In years that followed, Disney would expand beyond animated features into live action film and television and into theShow MoreRelatedFilm Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1372 Words   |  6 Pages Animation has the unfortunate misconception of being associated with childish, simple, and often foolish stories. Animation is more than just cartoons moving around in a scene. Behind some of these productions a whole genre of cinema was created and perfected. Some even helped establish foundations for cinema production. Among them, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Toy Story can be singled out as the most influential. 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Feature Films On November 22, 1995, Pixar Animation Studios forever impacted the future of filmmaking, storytelling and the medium of animation with the release of its first feature film, Disney ·Pixar s Toy Story. 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Disney has several sectors in their company, which include two large well-known theme parks in The United States, which are Disneyland and Disney World. Disney also has sectors in a production company, several other multi-media companies, consumer products, resorts and spas. In the early 1920’s, a young man by the name of Walter Disney had a dream of becoming a newspaper artistRead MoreDisney : Disney And Pixar Merger1187 Words   |  5 PagesDisney and Pixar Merger The strategy that led to the merger of Disney and Pixar was a simply business deal with two companies that has been working with each other for years. Pixar initially began in 1979 as the Graphics Group, as a piece of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm. The gathering basically chipped away at PC equipment. Apple prime supporter Steve Jobs later obtained the company in 1986. The studio sought after its fantasy of making the first PC vivified full-length film. In 1995, Pixar

Does Counseling Help Children with Issues of Obesity...

Does Counseling Help Children with Issues of Obesity? Obesity in children is an epidemic that continues to be a serious problem in our nation. Over the past thirty years, childhood obesity rates in the United States have tripled, and currently, approximately one in three children in the U.S. are overweight or obese. High body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents is a public health concern in the United States (Ogden, Carroll, Curtin, Lamb Flegal, 2010). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012), overweight is defined as a BMI at or above the 85th percentile and lower than the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex. Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for†¦show more content†¦Significance of the Problem Childhood obesity is a significant problem in our society, and has become one of the most prevalent health conditions affecting the welfare of children (Siegel Parker, 2008). Research indicates that since the 1980’s the incidence of a BMI at the 95th percentile or higher has tripled among school age children and adolescents and remains at approximately 17% (Ogden et al, 2010). In addition, obese children today are heavier, in general, than obese children in the past. (Estabrooks, Fisher, Hayman, 2008). According to Sharkey, Yetter, Felix Furlong (2006), childhood obesity may have multiple, potentially negative effects on children, and has been linked to a number of physical, social, emotional and psychological ailments. Obese children and adolescents are more likely to have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high cholesterol or blood pressure. Children who suffer from obesity are at greater risk for developing these chronic conditions at an earlier age than had been seen in the past (Estabrooks et al, 2008). They are also more likely to have prediabetes and are at greater risk for bone and joint problems. 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Because of its remarkable rising level and the health risks involved, it isRead MoreObesity is a Widespread Epidemic Essay1509 Words   |  7 Pagesabundance of junk food within school lunch programs, there is still a great need to rethink th e availability of caffeine and snacks, saturated in fat that could potentially lead to an array of health issues. Obesity is a widespread health epidemic that is spreading throughout the US and nearly 20% of children from ages 6-11 in America are considered obese and the snacks that students eat play a large part it (Carson-Dewitt). One of the major causes for this is that junk food is constantly at their fingertipsRead MoreCommunity Health Essay4549 Words   |  19 Pages0800-1200 ! ! Fieldwork Study Activity Location and Contact Time Windshield Survey Dakota County, Minnesota 10 Cultural Survey Dakota County, Minnesota 5 Scavenger Hunt Dakota County, Minnesota 10 Childhood Obesity attended conference, interviewed other attendees and exhibitors 8757 Rio San Diego Dr, San Diego, CA 92108 (619)692-3800 30 Festival of Farms attended festival interview with community members and exhibitors Lakeside Prairie Farm Read MoreParental Behavior, Belief Systems, and Childhood Obesity Essay1819 Words   |  8 PagesChildhood obesity does not discriminate, for it affects every ethnicity, age, gender, and economic status. Obesity is a body measurement size that is not within the defined limits of an individual’s height and weight. Unfortunately, â€Å"The increased weight places children at risk for chronic disease, diminished quality of life, and poor health outcomes† (Sealy, 1). 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Adult Education Philosophy Free Essays

string(35) " humanistic philosophy was Maslow\." One of the philosophies that is important to adult education is the liberal philosophy.     The liberal philosophy, which Socrates is known for, aims to develop intellectual powers of the mind.   Having a strong intellectual ability was vitally important to the Greeks. We will write a custom essay sample on Adult Education Philosophy or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who helped found Western Philosophy. He was very much interested in ethics and logic.   Interestingly, Socrates himself did not write any philosophical texts.   All the current knowledge of Socrates’ life and study comes from the writings of others, such as Plato.   Socrates was very much in favor of oral arguments, and loved debate.   He felt that much insight was to be gained from hearing others giving their views on a topic.   Socrates spent much of his life trying to prove that he was not the smartest person.   He would debate people over and over again, but he always seemed to have the best and most original ideas.   To him, intellectual capacity and prowess was the most valuable quality a person could possess. Socrates made a huge contribution to the field of education.   The Socratic Method, named for Socrates, is a style of debate that is used often in classrooms today.   Everyone gathers together and a question and answer type discussion takes place. As Seiferth (1997) states, the teacher does not give answers, but asks questions.   The teacher directs the session of debate by giving each student time to give opinions.   As each person puts forth an opinion, it is debated and critiqued by others.   This way, everyone can learn from everyone else. Therefore, it is the students’ own brain power that is shaping the lesson.   This is a good philosophy for adult students, because they have formed solid opinions and positions on issues.   The students’ life experiences can greatly influence their ideas.   The debate among adult students is often very thorough and can also contain a number of differing opinions based on what the students have gone through in their lives. Another scholar who was important in education was Skinner.   Skinner was a psychologist who made a huge impact on the psychological world with his idea of operant conditioning.   He also influenced the educational world because he thought teachers could be taught how to manipulate and motivate students to produce better results.   Skinner’s behaviorism is still utilized today. While a graduate student at Harvard, Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber which studied the rate of response given when reinforcers were present.   His findings led to experimental, data-driven research.   The associations between an environmental stimulus, and a natural, recurring response, were found to be predictable. According to Boeree (1997) Skinner found that behavior could be shaped.   By giving positive reinforcers every time a desired behavior was exhibited, the behavior could become consistent.   A desired behavior became shaped when the behavior began to happen on its own without the needed reinforcer. Skinner’s behaviorism affected not only the field of psychology, but also education.   Skinner believed that every student could be motivated, and that behavior follows a predictable pattern.   If a teacher gave students a positive result for a particular behavior, they would repeat that behavior.   This is great for teachers because they can use a number of things to motivate students to do their work. This philosophy works well with adult students because they understand their own motivators.   Many adults are back in school to better themselves in their careers, so they are intrinsically motivated to do well.   The teachers need only to reinforce those pre-existing ideas that education will lead to a better job, and the students will respond accordingly.   The teacher directs and manipulates the outcomes desired by motivating the students with positive reinforcement. The progressive philosophy aims to promote social change through practical knowledge and problem-solving skills.   Active participation by all members of a class is key for the progressive philosophy to work.   Class members use their own experiences to learn and draw insight from, as well as a coming up with and testing hypotheses.   The teacher acts as a facilitator, guiding them through their experiences and evaluating their learning outcomes. A key scholar of the progressive philosophy is Dewey.   His model of learning included five stages: first, the student had to become aware of the problem; next they had to be able to define the problem; then they needed to propose a hypothesis to try to solve the problem; next they had to evaluate the consequences of the hypothesis based on their own experience; and finally they had to test the most likely solution. According to Zilversmit (2005) Dewey thought the classroom should be a model for the democratic society at large.   He felt that teachers should use the classroom to show students how real-world issues happened, and let them work them out as a true society would. Dewey believed that real-life experiences were the best experiences for learning.   Setting up real-work simulations, actually going out into the world to test a hypothesis and learn about an idea, were the best ways to get a solid foundation of knowledge about a subject.   The environment is also very important to the progressive philosophy, because the environment shapes behavior, just as behaviors also creates a particular environment. Progressive philosophy works well with adult students because most often they are already working and living independently in the world.   Learning theory from books is useful, but they also need the real-world component to understand the concepts.   They need practical applications for the learning they are doing in the classroom that can translate into work experience. The humanistic philosophy takes the real-world experience of progressive philosophy one step further.   In humanistic philosophy, personal growth and development are the most important factors to consider.   The students are self-motivated, and the teachers act as guides and aides.   They do not facilitate learning; rather, they are a sounding board or advice givers.   Humanistic theory focuses on the person more than the subject. One scholar of humanistic philosophy was Maslow. You read "Adult Education Philosophy" in category "Papers"   Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs were very significant in the psychological world, and also have implications in the educational world. Maslow found that each person had a number of different types of needs.   If a person’s most basic needs were not met, he would have trouble being well-rounded and meeting other needs. The needs in Maslow’s hierarchy are as follows: basic needs for survival, such as food, shelter, clothing; safety needs, which include the ideas that one’s home and family are safe, and that she has enough resources to live comfortably on.   The next level is the need for love and a sense of belonging.   After love comes self-esteem, which includes confidence and respect for oneself and others.   Finally, the last stage is the self-actualization stage.   This includes morality, creativity, and problem-solving. As stated by Simons, Irwin, and Drinnian, (1987), Maslow argued that if the basic lower levels of need are not met, a person cannot begin to complete the higher levels, and that educators should help students move from one level to the next. Following his theory, someone who is constantly hungry will not be very confident.    This is important for adult learners because there may be some students whose basic needs have never been met. These needs should be dealt with before venturing into the higher levels.   Conversely, many adult students will already have their basic levels of needs met, so the class time can be spent on working toward the higher levels and reaching the self-actualization stage. A final philosophy of education is the radical philosophy.   This philosophy puts forth the idea that change is desirable and necessary.   The learner and teacher are considered equals as they discuss their own actions and reflect on the consequences of those actions.   Much time is spent in discussions when teachers are employing this philosophy.   Students’ own ideas and thoughts on how to promote change are highly valued, and the group tries to come up with some ways of affecting change on their environment. A scholar who has been instrumental to this philosophy is Freire.   His emphasis on dialog and praxis were very significant to the radical movement.   Many scholars have felt that education needs to be the basis on which change is made.   Students have always had ideas that would help them, school, or community.   The best way to bring about change is to talk about it.   He also felt dialog was just words without action, so he believed in praxis, which is putting ideas into action. Freire believed that the key to change was dialog.   According to Smith (2002), Freire felt that through dialog, ideas could be expressed and evaluated in order to deem their possibility.   Since dialog is a cooperative activity that involves some basic level of respect, it can be used to great effect.   When dialog produces useful ideas that lead to specific plans, great and significant changes can be made.   Once dialog has is done and action begins, change takes place. The radical movement would appeal to adult learners because as adults, they probably view themselves more as equals with the instructors than younger students.   Adult students also feel that they have the life experiences to know that some changes would make a great difference in their environment. Talking about issues that they themselves have had problems with in their lives would lead to great dialog about what could be done to make things better.   Adults are also often quite practical; they would be able to come up with plans for action that would be effective and efficient as well. The liberal philosophy works well in a workplace environment where there is a need to promote higher level thinking.   Colleges often use the Socratic Method to get students to think deeply about and debate and issue.   In a business, the managers might get together and debate the merits of shorter work weeks. It is not often used on a daily basis in many workplaces.   It can be used in certain situations, but since this philosophy can take time to employ, it is not practical in many areas of work.   It is not used much in the military, where ideas are given down from the chain of command, and no debate is allowed. The behaviorist philosophy can work well in certain aspects of many types of environment.   The basic stimulus-response behavior associated with this philosophy can be used to promote good work output.   A factory with assembly lines would be a good place for the behaviorist philosophy because workers work as quickly as possible doing repeated behaviors. This philosophy would also be useful in other organizations where certain behaviors need to be repeated.   Employers could use basic conditioning to ensure that all hospital workers washed their hands after entering each patient’s room.   An appropriate practice and reinforcement would be well-served in this environment.   The military is also a great place to see the behaviorist philosophy at work. Soldiers constantly perform certain behaviors because of the known responses and consequences associated with those behaviors.   Behaviorist philosophy does not work well when ideas need to flow freely.   An advertising company thrives on new and unique ideas, so the behaviorist philosophy of producing repeated behaviors would not work well there. The progressive philosophy works well when there are environmental aspects to the workplace.   When workers need to find specific ways of solving problems, or developing step by step procedures for operations, this philosophy is often utilized. The scientific and project nature Thinking outside the box instead of just taking in information is an important aspect of this philosophy, so creative workplaces will get a lot of use out of it.   Hospitals can utilize this philosophy because there are always unique real-life situations taking place in the emergency room.   This philosophy promotes that kind of thinking. The military does not use this philosophy.   There is no need for creative thinking is when learning how to walk in formation or assemble a weapon.   Workplaces where specific results are needed do not use this philosophy. Humanistic philosophy is best employed where individual ideas and creativity are valued.   Medical research is one area where this philosophy is used to great effect.   Group discussion and discovery are highly valued, and that is key to coming up with new ideas to try for new medicines. Almost every department of a college has a research department, and the people who work there are self-directed, motivated workers whose main objective is discovery.   Human Resources departments often use this philosophy as it takes into account feelings and emotional responses.   This philosophy would not work well when direct results are needed. A factory that produces cars does not need to use group discussions very much, as radiators need to be assembled in a certain way to work properly.   The military does not use this philosophy very much; the need for personal growth and independence is not as important as the unit. The radical philosophy would be best used in workplaces where the status quo is not what they are looking for.   Government agencies designed to improve or change relations between citizens and police could utilize the dialog and action of this philosophy to great effect.   A lot of talking goes into party planning as well. A party planner would never be able to pull off a successful event without a productive dialog to find out what the client wants, combined with action that produces those desired results.   This philosophy does not work well in workplaces where the desired results are already being produced.   The military and assembly lines are already producing their desired results, so they have little need for dialog about change. It has been very difficult to pinpoint my own philosophy of adult education.   Each philosophy has pros and cons, and I can see how each would be beneficial in the workplace. However, my own experience has led me more toward the humanistic philosophy.   I feel most productive in a group environment where ideas are being shared, and I feel I have skills that would make me a good facilitator of other groups. I like to listen to other ideas and evaluate their merits.   I like to hear what others have to say on a topic that I am passionate about.   Therefore, I think the humanistic philosophy fits my personality the best.   I am also self-motivated, and could work well on a project on my own.   I have a hard time separating my experiences and feelings from my work, and this philosophy allows me to combine them both to produce good results. I also see value in the behaviorist philosophy, because I believe that all people have internal motivators, and if I could understand what those are, I could encourage a lot of productivity in the people who worked for me. I love incentive based projects and reward systems, and think everyone should be rewarded for a job well done.   I work well when given a task that I know has a reward at the end, and I think I could also plan appropriate rewards for people who worked for me.   Therefore, I think my own philosophy is a combination of the humanistic and behaviorist philosophies. All five of these philosophies have great value when it comes to adult learners.   It is important to understand the scholars who promoted these philosophies, as well as what the philosophies themselves are about.   Knowing what practices are employed in each of the philosophies would help any educator understand which one would be best suited to a lesson, as well as the unique group that is adult learners. References Boeree, C. (1998). B.F. Skinner 1904-1990. Personality theories. Retrieved May 28, 2009 from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html Seiferth, M. (1997). Socratic teaching. Palo Alto College critical thinking resource page. Retrieved May 28, 2009 from http://lonestar.texas.net/~mseifert/crit3.html Simons, J. Irwin, D. Drinian, B. (1987). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. from Psychology, The Search for Understanding. New York: West Publishing Company. Retrieved May 29, 2009 from http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guidebk/ Teachtip/maslow.htm Smith, M. (2002). Paulo Freire and informal education. The encyclopaedia of informal education.   Retrieved May 29,2009 from www.infed.org/thinkers/et-freir.htm Zilversmit, A. (2005). Progressive education. Retrieved may 29, 2009 from http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1012.html How to cite Adult Education Philosophy, Papers

Your Voice. Your College Essay.

What do you want colleges to know about you when they read your essay? The college essay is arguably one of the most important parts of the application. Learn what makes an essay stand out to college admission officers and what to look out for in your writing. Colleges want to see students who are good at what they do. They want students with a variety of skills and it is imperative to show each one what you have to offer. Some skills, such as the ability to understand science, mathematics and the humanities are a given when you apply to colleges. Your academic performance shows colleges how proficient you are in these subjects. However, other skills, including leadership, public speaking, organization, teamwork, etc. are not calculated in a transcript. Instead, you must show them what you are good at. When I applied to colleges, one of the first tasks that I gave myself was to make a list of words, adjectives and phrases that I wanted colleges to notice. I wanted them to know about my leadership in the classroom and outside, my ability to speak to large audiences easily and my undying passion for teamwork. These were the three skills that I thought were most important to communicate to colleges, so I constructed responses and described extracurricular activities relevant to those three skills. Each time you write an essay or add an extracurricular activity, think for a moment what this tells colleges. Does it demonstrate one of your skills? or does it just give them a fun fact about yourself? Each sentence you write should be strategically placed in order to demonstrate your skills. There isn’t a better way to show colleges what you are good at than through extracurriculars and responses to various essay prompts. By the time I have completed my application, I asked my sister, brother, family members and close friends to review it. I only showed them extracurricular activities and responses to the essays and asked them what they have learned about me. I also asked specific questions, such as what skills they thought I had, and what skills they thought I lacked. One of the best ways to show colleges one of your strengths is through the â€Å"overcoming a challenge or ethical dilemma† question. Answering this question tells the colleges three things: a personal story about yourself and the types of activities that you perform, the way in which you think under stressful conditions, and what skills you have used or learned in order to overcome that challenge. This is perhaps the best out of all the application essays for you to show the colleges what your biggest strengths are. At the end of the day, the college admissions officers will see the applications through their lenses. By presenting yourself in the way described above, you quietly suggest to colleges that you would be a great addition to their campus. Each item is crafted to point them in the right direction. Hopefully, those extra skills and traits that you include will convince admissions officers to accept you. Conveying the right message in your essay is essential to getting a colleges attention. Make sure that your combined essays allow each facet of your personality to shine, whether in strong extracurriculars, word choice, or compelling stories.